How to compare washed containers with single-use waste

Use the same delivery service as the functional unit. Compare washing, returns, losses, materials and waste within the same period and system boundary.

5 August 2026Updated 24 September 2026

Short answer

Define a functional unit, such as delivering the same product quantity under the same conditions. Apply the same period and system boundary to both options, then compare actual production, returns, washing, loss, material and waste-treatment inputs.

Washing uses water and energy; single-use packaging uses material and creates waste.

Define the same service

Match product quantity, delivery conditions and evaluation period.

Set the boundary

Production and replacement
Return and loss
Wash water and energy
Waste treatment

Read the field result. Use actual inputs on both sides. Do not claim environmental superiority until transport and material boundaries also match.