How do you fairly compare single-use and reusable packaging?

Define one service unit and a lifecycle boundary; align production, use, returns and observed delivery outcomes.

31 July 2026Updated 24 September 2026

Short answer

Compare the same goods, quantity, route and successful-delivery criterion. Use one production-to-end-of-life boundary and observed data for both options, consistently.

Compare equivalent service, not packaging item counts.

Define the service unit

Use the same goods, quantity, route, protection and delivery criterion for both.

Comparison record

Service unit
System boundary
Successful deliveries
Observed material and process data

Use matching boundaries. Use one boundary for production, transport, use, washing, returns and end of life. Include delivery failures or product loss only from observed data.