State the boundary behind any cold chain carbon figure. The GHG Protocol covers company inventories and seven greenhouse gases; purchased electricity is addressed in its Scope 2 Guidance. Value chain activities, such as contracted transport, are assessed separately. GHG Protocol
Define the boundary first
List included companies, sites and vehicles. For a controlled cold store, record meter or billed electricity. Keep contractor transport separate from company fuel; note the period and activities.
Records to collect
For electricity, record site, billing period and kWh. For fuel, record vehicle, fuel type and litres consumed; if consumption is unavailable, reconcile purchases against opening and closing stock. For refrigerants, keep gas type, service record, kilograms added and reason. A refill alone does not prove a leak or its size. HFCs are among the seven gases in the GHG Protocol inventory. GHG Protocol
Make the calculation repeatable
Match each activity record with a factor for the same period, and record its source, country and year. Estimate refrigerant emissions under the chosen method using service and maintenance records; do not treat refill mass as leakage by default. List electricity, company fuel, refrigerants and contracted transport separately.
